The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on Wednesday that Israel has failed to substantiate its claims that members of the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, are affiliated with Hamas.
ICJ President Yuji Iwasawa stated, “The court finds that Israel has not substantiated its allegations that a significant part of UNRWA’s employees are ‘members of Hamas… or other terrorist factions.’”
Israel barred UNRWA from operating on its territory after accusing some of its staff of involvement in the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack that triggered the ongoing conflict in Gaza.

Investigations, including one led by France’s former foreign minister Catherine Colonna, identified some “neutrality-related issues” within the agency.
However, the April 2024 report noted that Israel had “yet to provide supporting evidence” that a substantial number of UNRWA personnel were members of terrorist organisations.
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