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Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan have signed a landmark joint defence agreement committing the three countries to mutual military support in the event of an armed attack against any of them.
The agreement, known as the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement, was signed on Friday during the Makkah Al-Mukarramah Summit for Joint Defence, held at Al-Safa Palace in Makkah.
The summit brought together Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.
According to a joint statement issued after the meeting, the pact will strengthen collective deterrence against aggression and expand defence cooperation among the three nations.
“The Agreement is intended to strengthen collective deterrence against any act of aggression, and stipulates that any armed attack against any one of the three States shall be regarded as an attack against them all,” the statement said.
“It further provides for the enhancement of all aspects of defence cooperation among the three States.”
The leaders said the agreement builds on longstanding historical ties, Islamic solidarity and existing strategic defence cooperation among Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan.
The summit was convened at the invitation of Saudi Arabia’s King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, with President Erdoğan and Prime Minister Sharif visiting the Kingdom on Friday.
During the meeting, the three leaders reviewed bilateral and trilateral relations, as well as regional and international issues of mutual interest.
The joint statement said the agreement reflects “the three States’ shared commitment to further strengthening their collective security and to promoting peace, security, and stability in the region and beyond, in pursuit of a secure and prosperous future.”
The pact marks one of the most significant formal defence arrangements among the three Muslim-majority countries, establishing a mutual defence framework while providing for deeper military collaboration across multiple areas, including security coordination and strategic cooperation.
